The Impact of Climate Change and its Projections



Since the 19th century, human activities, such as the burning of fossil fuels —coal, oil, and gas—, have been the main driver of climate change.

These practices generate emissions of greenhouse gases that act like a blanket wrapping the Earth, trapping heat from the sun and raising temperatures.

According to a new study conducted by researchers from Norway and the United Kingdom and published in the journal Nature Geoscience, it is estimated that nearly three out of four people will face extreme climate changes in the next two decades.

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Results and Recommendations of the Study



The physicist Bjørn Samset from the International Climate Research Center (CICERO) commented that, in the best-case scenario, it is projected that 1.5 billion people will face severe climate changes if drastic reductions in emissions are achieved.

However, if emissions continue on their current trajectory, up to 70% of the global population could be affected.

This study highlights the urgency of preparing for extreme phenomena, as many of these changes are inevitable.

The researchers' recommendations include the need to adopt effective and adaptive mitigation measures.

This involves not only reducing greenhouse gas emissions but also preparing for an increase in the frequency and intensity of extreme weather events, such as heatwaves, droughts, and floods.

Global and Regional Consequences



The effects of climate change are already evident. In recent years, the European climate service Copernicus has reported warmer summers and an increase in the frequency of natural disasters.

In 2024, dengue, for example, reached record numbers in America, with over 11.3 million suspected cases, revealing how climate conditions are affecting public health.

The models from Iles and his team suggest that extreme climate changes could occur more quickly than expected, increasing the chances that multiple dangerous phenomena will develop simultaneously. This could result in severe consequences for agriculture, infrastructure, and human health.

The Urgency to Act



There is still time to act and mitigate the effects of climate change.

Researchers warn that, although reducing emissions may cause immediate problems in some regions, it is crucial for the planet's long-term health.

Air pollution has masked some effects of global warming, and its removal could trigger drastic changes in climatic conditions in the coming decades.

The study's conclusions emphasize the need to move forward with mitigation and adaptation strategies to levels of climate change that could be unprecedented in the next 20 years.

Collective and decisive action is essential to face this global challenge and protect both people and ecosystems.